A List of Interjections and Exclamations in English

Ow! Ack! Yikes! No doubt, anyone familiar with comic books is well versed in these pithy little utterances. Interjections (or, as theyre sometimes—somewhat misleadingly—called, exclamations) are words or short phrases that stand apart from the rest of a sentence grammatically or appear on their own without a subject and verb. Because theyre often used to exclaim, interjections often pack an emotional punch that can make fictional dialogue more realistic. Key Takeaways: Interjections Interjections are short phrases often used to exclaim.They can stand on their own as sentences. Interjections are the outlaws of English grammar as illustrated in this writers other interjections piece: Interjections usually stand apart from normal sentences, defiantly maintaining their syntactic independence. (Yeah!) They arent marked inflectionally for grammatical categories such as tense or number. (No sirree!) And because they show up more frequently in spoken English than in writing, most scholars have chosen to ignore them. (Aw.) 101 Interjections As you read through this list, see if you can pick out the interjections that have more than one meaning or can be used in more than one way. Additional spellings or usages are listed in parentheses. Ah: Ah, I dont know if thats true.Aha: Aha! I figured it out!Ahem: Ahem, could you boys stop talking so we could get on with class, please?Alas: Alas, it was not to be.Amen: Amen, hallelujah, amen!Aw: Aw, do we have to?Awesome: You two are dating? Awesome!Aww: Aww, thats so cute!Bada-bing (bada-bing, bada-bing, bada-boom): Youve gotta get up close like this and—bada-BING!—you blow their brains all over your nice Ivy League suit. (From The Godfather, 1972)Bah: Bah, humbug!Baloney: Oh, baloney. I dont believe that.Big deal: Big deal. Who cares?Bingo: Bingo! Right on target!Boo: Boo! Scared you!Boo-hoo: That makes me sad. Boo-hoo.Booyah (boo-yah): Yeah, I aced this test. Booyah!Boy (boy oh boy): Oh boy. Oh boy, oh boy. Thats heavy, man.Bravo: Bravo! That was fantastic!Brilliant: Brilliant, luv, absolutely brilliant! (British English.)Brrr: Brr! Minus 30 degrees? Yuk.Bull: Bull. Its not 30 below zero, not really.Bye (bye-bye): Bye! See you later!Cheers: Cheers, mate! Youre welcome. (British English); Cheers! Raise a toast! (American English.)Come on (cmon): Come on. Hurry up.Cool: Oh, wow, that is so cool!Cowabunga: Cowabunga, dude. (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles)Dang: Dang it! Whered I put that?Darn (darn it): Darn it! I cant find the other one either!Dear me: Oh, dear me. What are we going to do?Duck: Duck! No, really! Get down!Duh: Well, duh. I cant believe you didnt know that.Eh: Eh? What?Enjoy: Enjoy! I hope you like it!Excellent: Party time, excellent! (Waynes World)Fabulous: Fabulous! Thats just wonderful!Fantastic: Fantastic! I just love it!Fiddledeedee  (fiddle-dee-dee): Fiddle-dee-dee! War, war, war; this war talks spoiling all the fun at every party this spring. I get so bored I could scream. (Gone With the Wind)Finally: Finally! I never thought thatd be done.For heavens sake(s): Oh, for heavens sake, dont you know your Bible? (Little House on the Prairie)Fore: Fore! (Look out! in golf)Foul: Foul! In baseball, the ball went out of bounds, otherwise an infraction.Freeze: Freeze! Stop right there!Gee (gee whiz, gee willikers): Well gee whiz, Pa, why do I have to do that?Giddyap (giddyup): Giddyup, Silver! Go, horse, go!Golly (good golly, golly gee  willikers): Golly, that sure was tasty.Goodbye (good-bye): Goodbye, see you again soon!Good grief: Good grief, Charlie Brown. (Peanuts)Good heavens: Good heavens! How did that happen?Gosh: â€Å"Whatever I feel like I wanna do, gosh!† (Napoleon Dynamite)Great: Great! Im so excited youll come along!Great balls of fire: Goodness gracious, great balls of fire! (Great Balls of Fire, Jerry Lee Lewis)Ha: Ha-ha! Thats funny!Hallelujah: Glory be to God, hallelujah!Heavens (heavens above, heavens to Betsy): Oh, heavens! How could you think that?Heigh-ho: Heigh-ho neighbor! How are you?Hello: Hello! How are things with you?Help: Help! I need somebody (Help! The Beatles)Hey (hey there): Hey! Look over there!Hi (hiya): Hi! Whats up?Hip, hip, hooray: We won! On the count of thre e, everyone: Hip, hip hooray! Hip, hip, hooray!Hmm (hrm): Hmm. Let me think about that for a bit.Ho-ho-ho: Ho-ho-ho, Merry Christmas!Holy mackerel (holy cow, holy moly, holy Moses, holy smokes): Holy mackerel! I cant believe it!Ho-hum: Ho-hum, how boring.Hooray (hurrah, hurray): Hooray! Thats awesome!Howdy (howdy do): Howdy, pardner.Huh: Huh. I have no idea.Ick: Ick! How gross!Indeed: Indeed! Ill bet you didnt know that!Jeez: Jeez, do we really have to go through this now?Kaboom: Kaboom! It blew up!Kapow: And Batman hit the evildoer, kapow!Lordy (lordy, lordy): Oh lordy, lordy, look whos 40!Mama mia: Mama mia, let me go. (Bohemian Rhapsody, Queen)Man: Man, thats unbelievable.Marvelous: Marvelous! Oh, honey, thats just wonderful.My: My! I never once thought of it, Huck! (The Adventures of Tom Sawyer)My goodness (my heavens, my stars, my word): My goodness, isnt that just grand?Nah: Nah, itll never work.No problem: Thank you. No problem.No way (no way Josà ©): No way! I cant believe it.Nope: Nope. I cant do that.Nuts: Nuts! I wish I didnt have to.Oh (oh boy, oh dear, oh my, oh my gosh, oh my goodness, oh no, oh well): Oh! Thats shocking!OK (okay): OK, sounds great. Thank you.Ouch: Ouch! That hurt!Ow: Ow! That stung!Please: Would you help me, please?Poof: Poof! She just disappeared.Shh: Shh! Quiet in the library!Super: Super! Thats fantastic!Swell: Swell! How great!Welcome: Welcome! Come in!; (Youre) Welcome!Well: Well, I just dont know about that.Whoop-de-doo: Well whoop-de-doo. (sarcasm) I so dont care.Woo-hoo: Woo-hoo! Thats fantastic!Wow: Wow! I love it!Yabba dabba doo: Yabba dabba doo! (The Flinstones)Yadda, yadda, yadda: Well, we were engaged to be married, uh, we bought the wedding invitations, and, uh, yada, yada, yada, Im still single. (Seinfeld)Yippee: Yippie! Thats exciting!Yummy: Yummy! I love chocolate cake! Single or Double-Duty Parts of Speech Interjections have traditionally been treated as one of the eight parts of speech  (or word classes). But its worth keeping in mind that many interjections  can do double or triple duty as other parts of speech. For instance, when a  word such as boy or awesome appears by itself (often followed by an exclamation point in writing), it functions as an interjection: Boy! You have an answer for everything.The crew chief handed me my first paycheck. Awesome! I said. But when that same word shows up syntactically integrated into a sentence, it usually operates as a different part of speech. In the following examples, boy is a noun, and awesome is an adjective: The boy ate a Snickers bar.Seeing the northern lights for the first time was an awesome experience. Words that are used only  as interjections are called primary interjections, while words that also belong to other word classes are called secondary interjections.   Oh! Heres something else to look out for. The meanings of interjections sometimes change depending on the context  in which theyre used. The word oh, for example, may indicate surprise, disappointment, or delight: Oh! I didnt see you sitting there.Oh...I was hoping you could stay for a while.Oh! Im so glad you came!

Nietzsche Morality Essay - 1389 Words

Morality Essay Have you ever asked yourself where your conscience comes from? The feeling that takes a hold of you when you do what you feel is wrong. This feeling is almost like a consequence when you tell a lie or commit a crime. Your conscience helps you sort out the good and bad and feels your mind with sorrow when you see a sad story on the news or gives you the initiative to donate money to a contribution. But where does it come from. Is it something you are naturally born with, taught over time or given to you by a higher power? This argument leads to the existence of moral values by many philosophers including William Lane Craig. One of his excerpts argues that if there is an existence of moral values, which some people agree,†¦show more content†¦With this said, Nietzsche would not agree with Craig. His idea on perspectivism also shows that he would not agree. One idea is the real verse the apparent world, which he states that language and grammar tricks us to imagine there is a n essence for what makes up the things we see. For example the idea that lightening flashes is false because in reality the lightening is the flash. He would use this in his argument towards the existence of moral values and God because not everyone sees things the same way. Nietzsches examples show that he does not believe in moral values and does not believe in God. Craig argues back with Nietzsches idea that proclaimed that the death of God meant the destruction of all meaning and value in life. In Williams excerpt he says that Nietzsche is right but weve got to be careful because the question is not must we believe in God in order to live a moral life? Craig doesnt believe that we do. Nor is the question: Can we recognize objective moral values without believing in God? Because he does believe that you can recognize them. Rather, the question is: If God does not exist, do objective morals exist? Craig proves that they do by explaining that actions such as rape, torture, and chil d abuse arent just socially acceptable behavior. And that they are moral abominations and that there are some things that are really wrong and everyone knows it. Craig also says in his excerpt that evenShow MoreRelatedNietzsche on Slave Morality Essay727 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Nietzsche on Judeo-Christian Morality† In Nietzsche’s aphorisms 90-95 and 146-162 he attacks what he believes to be the fundamental basis of the â€Å"slave† morality prevalent in the Judeo-Christian tradition as well as other religions and societies. From the beginning, he distinguishes the two different types of moralities he believes to exist: the â€Å"master morality†, created by rulers of societies, and the â€Å"slave† morality, created by the lowest people in societies. 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Potential Mechanism For Clarifying Habits -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Potential Mechanism For Clarifying Habits? Answer: Introducation Communication is the process of sending and receiving information between two or more people (Habermas, 2015). Communication is a process that cannot be completed with only one person. From the advent of human race, communication has been a very important phenomenon that is required for the exchange of information. The one who sends the information is known as the sender while the one on the other end is known as the receiver (McQuail Windahl, 2015). The information that is passed in the communication cycle reflects various ideas, opinions and thought process of those who are involved in the process. According to Broadbent (2013), the various kind of communication are mentioned below- Verbal communication Non-Verbal communication Written communication Visual representations such as maps, symbols and graphs. Effective communication is one of the most important skills to have in this modern world because effectively passing on the information is mandatory to avoid conflict or any issues (Shockley-Zalabak, 2014). I have faced situations where incomplete communication has lead to many problems including confusion, hurting of sentiments and even conflicts. When I communicate with people I make sure that, the entire information is passed on to the recipients and that I clearly state the ideas. My motive remains that people must clearly understand what I wish to convey, and them agreeing to it or not is completely upon them. This clarity increases the level of trust that people have on the communicator and it makes me feel confident. I have successfully passed on difficult messages to people using effective communication skills and have experienced no conflict or trust issues among the people. When I saw people having a negative image among people and being referred to as an unfriendly person, I realized that the problem was lack of effective communication on the part of that individual. Hence, it allowed me to pursue a positive body language while dealing with people and it has enhanced my public relations massively. Barriers to communication are known as the aspects that deter the communication process and hinder the transfer of information from the sender to receiver (Conrad, 2014). In my first encounter with my office colleagues, I was apprehensive and rather shy to communicate with them. This led them to believing that I am a person with ego and I am a weak communicator. However, soon I understood that I had to get rid of my shyness and apprehensions. The moment I got away from those barriers, colleagues became friends for me and soon we started to share light moments in the team and entire work environment became better for me. Barriers may be of various kinds such as fear, lack of knowledge, natural phenomenon, trust issues, self-image and personal interests (Wibeck, 2014). Individuals can communicate freely with each other keeping the barriers aside but this is not always possible because language may sometimes become a barrier and the receiver may not be aware of a foreign language that t he sender is speaking. Such barriers are very common and lead to communication gap between people in foreign places. Barriers hinder effective communication and this leads people being distanced from each other due to lack of communication. Self-awareness is the ability of an individual to understand their own personality and make an analysis of the various strengths and weakness in their character (Vago, 2014). It is a fact that a person can be happy only if there is awareness about the self. Self-awareness allows me to understand the various qualities that I have in my character. When I face an interview, I stay confident about it because I know where my strengths are and how I can use them to impress the interviewer. Having an idea of the weakness also allows me stay away from areas that can put me into trouble and hence I can work accordingly. The challenges that are posed by various situations can be better analyzed because I know the limits to which I can push myself in order to achieve a target in life. The art of self-awareness came to my attention when I started taking interest in self-talk sessions. Self-talk has benefitted me hugely in allowing me to assess myself in light of the situations that demand my act ion in any form. In this world of globalization, the confluence of culture in the workplace is one of the most evident characteristics of business communication. Cross-cultural communication skills are the most sought after skill sets looked after by leading organizations in their employees and new recruits (Piller, 2013). I am a person who likes communicating with people and hence never faced issues related to cross-cultural communication. Being able in freely communicating with people from various backgrounds, I have learned many things from them and it has improved many skills of mine. Co-ordination is mandatory in the workplace because every organization looks for people who will work as a team and achieve the common goal of the organization. In order to achieve the common goal, it is must for individuals to communicate with each other without any kind of apprehension or barrier in their communication process. Treating people from different ethnic group or culture only complicates the situation a nd worsens the overall performance because it induces bias practices and hence de-motivates the person or group that is treated differently because of culture or ethnicity (Modood, 2017). I feel that such communication should be practiced as people can always learn something new from other culture and their thought process may provide positive aspirations in workplace. Ethical decision-making lays the foundation for successful business communication. Whenever I see someone making a decision impulsively based on personal motives and without a morality that supports the right cause, I can sense the fault in the entire decision making process. Often such decisions backfire and lead to failure and harm the entire organization or team. Learning from those faulty decisions of others, I have started to evaluate a situation deeply before coming to a decision. There are always various implications to a decision that will be taken and all of the implications have to be kept in mind before taking a decision. Ethical decision-making process includes on the part of decision maker to be able to take decisions that are morally correct irrespective of the cost (Crossan, Mazutis Seijts, 2013). I have seen that foreseeing the consequences always helps in taking the decision and it enables me to have a backup in case things go wrong. Taking such ethical decisions ha s led to people gaining confidence on me and the fairness has made people believe that I am a wise person and can be trusted with complicated issues. In order to take ethical approach in decision making it is essential for individuals to refrain from any kind of bias attitude or prejudgments towards the issues that are at hand and needed to be taken a call upon. To conclude, it is essential to have an open approach towards the various issues that may arise in communicating at the professional level. I had weaknesses in communicating with unknown people, but with time I realized that having such an attitude will lead to loss on my part and people will have a wrong perception about me. Hence, I stepped out of my comfort zone, interacted with everyone, and made sure that none of the barriers interrupted my communication process. This lead to people winning trust on me and my overall image became better among them and I received a greater acceptance on all fronts in the workplace. Reference Broadbent, D. E. (2013).Perception and communication. Elsevier. Conrad, D. (2014). Workplace communication problems: Inquiries by employees and applicable solutions.Journal of business studies quarterly,5(4), 105. Crossan, M., Mazutis, D., Seijts, G. (2013). In search of virtue: The role of virtues, values and character strengths in ethical decision making.Journal of Business Ethics,113(4), 567-581. Habermas, J. (2015).Communication and the Evolution of Society. John Wiley Sons. McQuail, D., Windahl, S. (2015).Communication models for the study of mass communications. Routledge. Modood, T. (2017). Must Interculturalists misrepresent multiculturalism?.Comparative migration studies,5(1), 15. Piller, I. (2013). Language choice in bilingual, cross-cultural interpersonal communication.Linguistik online,5(1). Shockley-Zalabak, P. (2014).Fundamentals of organizational communication. Pearson. Vago, D. R. (2014). Mapping modalities of self?awareness in mindfulness practice: a potential mechanism for clarifying habits of mind.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,1307(1), 28-42. Wibeck, V. (2014). Enhancing learning, communication and public engagement about climate changesome lessons from recent literature.Environmental Education Research,20(3), 387-411.

The Changing Meaning of Concepts Throughout History free essay sample

In this essay I will summarize how the philosophers Friedrich Nietzsche and Michel Foucault have recorded how the meanings of certain concepts have changed through history, paying close attention to the texts of Nietzsches Good and Evil, Good and Bad and Foucaults The Insane. I will also suggest what I believe are the philosophical lessons that they think we can draw from recognizing these changes. In the chapter from his book Madness Civilization,The Insane, Michel Foucault charts the changing conceptions of madness from the Renaissance through to the Neo-Classical Age. He notes how during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, though madness was sometimes treated as a personification of evil, it was something that was openly dealt with, the public outrage giving the perceived evil the powers of example and redemption. (Foucault, P. 66) The mad were neither a source of shame or taboo, madness was present everywhere and mingled with every experience by its images or its dangers. (Foucault, P. 66) However, during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the Enlightenment, and the emergence of the man of reason drastically changed peoples attitudes towards the insane: adness was shown, but on the other side of bars; if present, it was at a distance, under the eyes of a reason that no longer felt any relation to it and that would not compromise itself by too close a resemblance. After the Enlightenment a new set of values became prevalent, where reason was now considered the defining characteristic of being human, and therefore it followed that to be unreasonable was to be essentially inhuman. Foucault notes that to the enlightened men of the time: the) animality that rages in madness disposesses man of what is specifically human in him; not in order to deliver him over to other powers, but simply to establish him at the zero degree of his own nature. With their new perspective on the world, the people of seventeenth and eighteenth century Europe now felt a shame in the presence of the inhuman that the Renaissance had never experienced (Foucault, P. 68), the mentally ill were not seen as possessed or evil or ill but as a shameful sideshow, barely more than animals, provoking the mocking laughter and the insulting pity (Foucault, P. 9) of the regular spectators who at the time would regularly pay a small fee into the asylums to gawk at them. (Foucault, P. 68) Foucault draws further attention to the inhumane treatment of the institutionalized mad during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Considered by their unreasonable behaviour to have fallen into bestiality, and that their animality, in fact, protected the lunatic from whatever might be fragile, precarious, or sickly in man (Foucault, P. 4), they were treated as such and he records: It was common knowledge until the end of the eighteenth century that the insane could support the miseries of existence indefinitely. There was no need to protect them; they had no need to be covered or warmed. (Foucault, P. 74) Not simply did men of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries seen madness as a fall into bestiality, the frenzied behaviour and irrationality of the madman was to them a shameful lapse into mans basest level. It was important for their self image to disassociate themselves from the mad. Foucault notes that: Madness had become a thing to look at: no longer a monster inside oneself, but an animal with strange mechanisms, a bestiality from which man had long since been suppressed. (Foucault, P. 70) He contrast this to the view of the Church, who slow to take on the burgeoning attitudes of the Enlightenment, still seen madness with a humanity absent from from the attitudes of the men of reason. He suggests the Church found in madness a difficult but essential lesson: the guilty innocence of the animal in man. Foucault seems to be trying to show in his essay, through the descriptions of the treatement of the mentally ill, that we can learn a lesson from the irony that these enlightened attitudes towards madness, held with such firm belief at the time, now, in a modern context would be seen as extremely inhumane and cruel. A lesson that we must be careful in believing the prevalent conceptions of our time are free from our own inherent biases. In his essay Good and Evil, Good and Bad, Nietzsche calls attention to the fact that our conceptions of good and bad have changed drastically over the centuries. He traces the genealogy of the word good back to its origin in the Classical Age and records how it was was originally conceived as something wholly different to how it is today: The origin of the opposites good and bad is to be found in the pathos of nobility and distance, representing the dominant temper of a higher, ruling class in relation to a lower dependent one. (Nietzsche, P. 160) Nietzsche states that the morality of the nobility of the Classical Age was more immediate, where the notions of good, and pure were synonymous simply with their own being noble as opposed to plebeian, with their own natural dominance and impulsivity. The word pure, for example, was devoid of its current religious connotations: The pure man was originally one who washed himself, who refused to eat certain foods entailing skin diseases, who did not sleep with the unwashed plebeian women, who held blood in abomination hardly more than that.

Nuclear Weapons Essays (356 words) - Foreign Relations, Law

Nuclear Weapons The topic of nuclear weapons is one that will be around forever. One of my favorite lines from the reading we had was that we cannot uninvent nuclear weapons and this is completely right. If asked outright if I am for or against nuclear weapons I would have to say that I am very much for them and I think they are and absolute necessity for our country. We one of the riches countries in the world but I think that also makes us the biggest target in the world. I think for us to have nuclear weapons is an absolute necessity, I do at the same time believe we should never fire them. If we were to totally rid ourselves of nuclear weapons we might as well put a big sign on the front lawn of the White House saying the country was for sale to the highest bidder or whoever had the biggest bomb. The nuclear weapons we do have ended the cold war, stopped Sadam in Iraq, and probably have stopped many other attacks on our country and our citizens. People have seen what nuclear weapons can do from the bombings in Japan that ended World War 2. These are powerful images in people's mind and not something they can deal with if they decide to attack the US. The case for the removal of nuclear weapons is a very good one. These are indeed in the fullest extent of the words, weapons of mass destruction. These weapons pose many fears as well as morality questions that are all brought up by the anti-nuclear people. The fact that the weapons are not capable of only wiping out military targets is one that really gets to me. Weapons should never be used against civilians and there is nothing to stop a nuclear weapon from affecting only military targets. Another fear of mine related to these weapons has to do with it takes very little effort to do a large amount of damage. Nuclear weapons are neither an offensive nor a defensive weapon. They are more of a scare tactic. We as a world leader must always be on the cutting edge with our weapons and weapons systems or else, we will no longer be that world leader.

Thinking styles and forces of essays

Thinking styles and forces of essays This paper will discuss an organizational problem that occurred in my workplace. The problem is that of a growing business faced with either expanding and training to meet the needs of a growing client base or loosing business to competitors. I will first describe the control measures. I will then frame this problem in several different settings. Next, I will describe some of the different types of thinking used for each problem. I will then forces of influence on the problem. I will explain some of the symptoms of the major problem and give solutions for them. Lastly, I will provide an answer to the dilemma of "How do we accept each other's differences and still get anything done?" To describe a recent organizational problem, I need to explain my workplace. I work as the Automations specialist for a non-emergency medical transport company called LifeStar Ambulette (an Ambulette is a vehicle that transports non-emergency patients). We transport non-emergency stretcher, ambulatory and wheelchair patients to doctors appointments, dialysis, and events that they need to attend. We provide a service that is cost affective for insurance companies, hospitals and private patients. The cost of transporting with an ambulette is one-third the cost of using a regular ambulance. Now that you have a basic understanding of the company, I will present our organizational problems and their forces of influence. A larger ambulance company that operates in a very different way and on a larger scale bought the company. The former name of our ambulette company was Laidback Transport and they were just that, laid back. The company that bought out Laidback Lifestar Ambulance was more organized and meticulous in its way of doing business. Lifestar Ambulance bought out the former owners and it retained all of the employees. This created a problem ...

TV Violence and Aggressive Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

TV Violence and Aggressive Behavior - Essay Example Regardless of the grade of movie, media is continuously exposing alcoholic beverages as a source of fun and fashion. Advertisements during children programs are not carefully designed and contain aggressive behavior, exposure to alcohol and smoking etc. Advertisements today contain sensual messages and images which are contributing to the likelihood of early sexual initiation in adolescents. Advertisements are influencing the psychosocial environment by sexual exposure on television, music videos, internet and movies. Alcohol consumption encourages aggression and violence as the normal brain functions are disrupted due to alcoholism. Alcohol is responsible for weakening the brain mechanisms which keep rash, violent and aggressive behaviors under control. This aggression is one of direct effects of alcohol consumption. Hence, increased alcohol consumption may be related to increased aggression and violence (Gustafson, 1994). Children get a lot of information from television and believe what they watch. They trust their favourite characters beating the monsters and so called ‘bad guys’ after having an energy drink or milk or some other product. They perceive it all to be true and are more likely to consume that particular product and imitate those characters in every possible manner. Such portrayals are of course not true and advertisements are exaggerating the energy and effects of products. They target children because children are easily influenced by such fantasies. Children who watch aggressive and violent movies are likely to behave aggressively and choose violent games to play than those who do not watch television or violent shows. The advertisements nowadays are targeting young generations and are using different characters as powerful objects and promoting their products by portraying them as a source of energy and supremacy (Chaves, 2008). The characters of children’s favourite movies, cartoons and games are portrayed with a cigarette, wine bottle or involvement of that character in some sexual activity also affect the children’s perceptions and thoughts. The aggressive behaviors of action animated characters (like superman, batman, power-puff girls etc.) also increase the probability of their future aggressive behaviors. Advertisements involve these characters to attract young consumers and indirectly affect their behaviors. Children live in their fantasy world and believe everything they watch or are told of. They perceiv e the effects of products as are exposed and try to use the brand that their favorite cartoon character or hero uses in the media content. The irony is the fact that they imitate the action of those characters which more often result in aggressive behaviors and leave long lasting effects on their behaviors (Strasburger, & Donnerstein, 1999). The act of imitation and copying the media characters, however, is not the only way children are affected by violence exposure. One more common psychological process that is associated with media exposure is desensitization. This process points towards the emotional response of a person as a result of a particular action. People who are exposed to the dangers associated with wild animals are more likely to become psychologically upset and emotionally aroused if they face them in real. They are more likely to fight against it or protect themselves in some way. However,

An Unlicensed Engineer for Constructing Engineers Case Study

An Unlicensed Engineer for Constructing Engineers - Case Study Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that Charles Landers, unlicensed engineer for constructing engineers forged his partner Henry Wilson’s signature and used his professional seal on at least 40 documents. The falsified documents certified to the Anchorage City Health Department that local septic systems met all city wastewater disposal regulations. No violations of standards except for the forgery and misuse of the seal were reported. The circuit judge Michael Wolverton in his judgment banned Landers for one year from practicing as an engineer’s assistant. Furthermore, he sentenced him to 20 days in jail, 160 hours of community service, $4000 in fines and a year of probation. The judge cited that Landers’ actions constituted a breach of public trust as the public relies on the word of professional engineers to ensure the safety of systems. The first important element is that of forgery of signatures and unauthorized use of an engineer’s seal. This i s not only wrong in engineering but also in other professions where specialized professionals are required to provide their expertise on an issue. This can lead to a destruction of property, loss of lives and reputational damage to the profession among others. The second element is the aspect of canvassing and behaving like a competent engineer while in the real sense one is not. This amounts to deceiving the public for purposes of individual gains, which is unethical as this could still have far-reaching consequences because a violation of standards may be experienced. The third element concerns relationship with fellow engineers such that they are supposed to respect one another in the provision of their services. The relationship is important for personal and also for professional growth.

Wk6 Forum INTL304 HUMINT Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Wk6 Forum INTL304 HUMINT - Coursework Example Hungarian refugees were a good intelligence target since they were young and educated. The article notes that processing, resettlement procedures, and the federal government’s views on intelligence exploitation defined the methods of collecting information in this case (Coriden 2011, 1). Apparently, some refugees were willing to give intelligence to western powers in exchange of better treatment and to manifest their patriotism. In this context, the intelligence community depicted a high degree of dedication (Coriden 2011, 1). Nevertheless, the intelligence community encountered the challenge of exploiting the Hungarians despite establishing that most Hungarians crossed the border to seek refuge in the Free World (Coriden 2011, 1). The article notes that the ability of the intelligence community to collate and digest loads of information helped in filling major gaps in intelligence information (Coriden 2011, 1). From the article, I learn that intelligence agents or officers must understand the characteristics of human nature that include emotions, intentions and motivations of people. I also learnt that a young and educated population is a good intelligence target. Additionally, the intelligence community should work as a team since human intelligence can help in developing and maintaining foreign and national security. I learnt about the need for effective methods of collecting information. Dedication and professionalism are important aspects in human intelligence. Moreover, the intelligence community should aim gathering the information at a minimum cost and with utmost respect for the rules of human conduct. Coriden, Guy. 2011. Report On Hungarian Refugees. Central Intelligence Agency, Aug 03. https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/kent-csi/vol2no1/html/v02i1a07p_0001.htm (accessed February 12,

Sande Society and the Sowei Mask

Sande Society and the Sowei Mask Political, Educational, and Gender Aspects of the Womens Society of the Mende The Sowei Mask of the Sande Society is a symbol for the Mende people of Sierra Leone representing the ideals of feminine beauty, but the Sande Society also plays a key role in the nurturing, livelihood, and induction of young women into adults. This mask defines a goal for young women as well as symbolizes their transition from children to adults and, the Sande are the tools behind the Sowei which shape and mold the initiates of their society into women capable of managing marriage, political power, and even spiritual secrets. The Sowei Mask itself is carved from wood carefully with close attention to detail. Each mark is made with a greater picture in mind and at the end of the process the mask will epitomize the Mendes idealities of grace, beauty, and serenity. After the carving, the mask is painted and polished to a black, glossy shine. There are many Sowei Masks, all of which possess the black, glossy shine, but each mask can differ in many areas. The Sowei Masks can possess rolls of fat on the neck, scarification patters on the face, elaborate hairstyles, raffia around neck, and many other qualities which give it the elegance that it possesses. (Cosentino 17) The particular mask on display in the Stanley Collection has two small scarification patterns in low relief on either cheek of the mask, a beautiful hairstyle with a small bird perched on top. The mask is full of curves and the light catches off the surface to accent the slight cuts made along the hair of the figure give it a life like quality wh ich complements the serenity of the masks expression. Not only does the mask represent outer beauty, but also references the beauty of a womans inner strength and character. (Becker 82) The encircling ridges of a Sowei Mask which represent rolls of fat also are part of the origin of the mask. When a Sande society member who is particularly renowned for her choreography and dancing skill she is said to dream of diving into a pool, which is the dwelling place for female spirits. As she rises from the water, the ripples of the water on the surface form the rings around the base of the mask. The often complex and always elegant hairstyles of Sowei Masks are said to have come from Sande officials falling into water and emerges with a beautiful hairstyle.(Textbook 180) In performance, the Sowei is danced by the ndoli jowui alongside a second mask, the gondei, which is the antithesis of the Sowei. The gondei is sometimes a discarded Sowei Mask which has been worn down or broken. Occasionally pieces of trash such as tin cans or shells are attached to the gondei, further separating it from the Sowei. It is only when we see both masks that we separate the beauty and grace of the Sowei further from that of the grotesque and hideous form of the gondei. By having the two masks juxtaposed, we can see the grace and elegance in which the Sowei is danced in comparison with the ugly, stumbling dance of the gondei. The performance itself occurs in the weeks before the public portion of the Sande initiation. When the Sowei emerges from the bush to dance, she is admired and greeted by the entire town. (Cosentino 16-7) When the initiates themselves are present at the dance, they wear braclets of palm leaf fibers and body nets with small iron plates. Their faces ar e smeared with animal fat giving them a more youthful appearance. (Newland 125) To the Sande the Sowei Mask as a manifest of power from the spirit world. It is for this reason that while the Sowei Mask is the integral piece to bring the power needed to invest the initiates with everything they will need to marry, the mask also can appear in other places. Smaller versions can appear on the staffs and other objects used by higher ranking members of the Sande and small figures also are common. These objects represent the medicine of the Sande and their connection with the spirits. (Textbook 180) The Sande society itself is enormous; each village usually has its own Sande society governed by a council of elders. (Ellis 200) These elders are not only in charge of initation rites into the Sande society, and thusly into adulthood, but also the birthing, education, circumcision, political aspects, and spiritual aspects of the initiates underneath them. Once puberty is reached, the initiates are taken into the bush and taught the things they need to know to become adult women. Topics such as sex, dancing, fishing, cooking, and secrete medicines are discussed and generally a clitoridectomy, a female circumcision, is performed. After the initiates complete their training, they are eligible to marry and invested with fertility (Leach 58), but are taught that jealousy for ones co-wives is greatly discouraged. Initiates are also called and described by sex-specific terms from the moment they graduate into full genderhood. Men are forbidden from the Sande bush just as the women are from the Poro, the mens secrete society, bush. It is the responsibility of the Sande elders to punish any man who takes an initiate from the bush severely. The Soweis medicine is feared and when a man is pointed out as having broken a Sande law there is a fine or some other penalty which an elder determines. (Newland 125) Elder Sande officials are still susceptible to medicines which can affect their ability to deliver children, circumcise the initiates, and other tasks which are key to their position. The Poro and Sande societies together govern Mende ideas about gender and men and womens lives. Both genders have gender-specific tasks that are used to define a persons masculinity or femininity. Each group gives access to specific male and female medicines and social and political support. Both groups also give elders of the societies access to a higher status position in the villages. This status is known as a big man or big woman. The title comes with the responsibility of caring for the political or financial assistance of others. In Mende society both men and women can become a big person or numu wa. While the Sande will protect women from exploitation, abuse, and give them political and social support, the society also produces asymmetry. The high-ranking members usually gain their position from descent, and by controlling the important knowledge of the Sande, they are able to elicit loyalty or even material goods from the initiates and their families. In this way, the Sande s ociety acts as a driving force in socio-political structures in what would otherwise be a male dominated society. With the polarized and parallel powers of the Poro and Sande societies, women are not considered inferior to men, they are only considered different. (Leach 59-60) The Sande serve as mentors for young girls becoming women, but they also serve as friends and colleagues. Every woman who is considered an adult in Mende culture has been initiated and graduated from the Sande society. The initiates they graduate with become their social system of support and the society leaders are there to protect them as well. It is in this way that we see that all Mende women are connected. In summary, the Sowei Mask demonstrates the inner and outer beauty of the perfect woman, which every initiate of the Sande society and thus every woman considered an adult, strives to attain. Not only do the Sande teach young women about life, but also provide them with a network of support for the rest of their lives. In this way, the Sowei Mask represents not only the Sande, but all adult Mende women and their unavoidable connection to each other.

Behaviorism - A Methodological Proposal of Explaining the Behavior Essa

Behaviorism must be seen as a methodological proposal of explaining the behavior of organisms from the lowest to the highest. Explaining human and nonhuman behavior by reference to scientific laws and the theories expressed of physical states, events, and entities. Because modern psychology emerged roughly in the mid-19th century, information of behaviorism was gathered in its early stages by introspection (looking at your own inner states of being; your own desires, feelings, and intentions) then linking them to the outside observable state. Introspection is a notoriously unreliable method for gathering information for scientific theories. There are 2 problems: 1) The introspection data is private. It is impossible for someone from the outside to know the inner states of someone else. Science demands publicly observable events for a community of scientists to confirm or reject empirical hypothesis by designing and testing experiments in an open arena for all other scientists to observe. 2) There is very little access to one’s total mental being (consciousness) since so much of it has been repressed into the unconscious. 1913 - J.D. Watson proposed the only proper object of study in psychology is behavior. Behavior is publicly observable . A team of scientists can observe the same phenomenon under investigation. They can then formulate a hypothesis to account for those behaviors. They can then form experiments so they can confirm or reject those hypothesis designed to explain the behavior of organisms. â€Å"the father of behaviorism† Exclusive attention given to publicly observable behavior. There will be no discussions on dreams, hopes, desires, feelings, or internal events. They must be avoided since they don’t offer explanatory value. Skinner deserves most of the credit. Behavior is the product of heredity (5%) and environment (95%). Marx is an economical determinist, Freud is the mental determinist, Skinner/Watson are environmental determinist - all events that occur in nature including those that we single out that are important (human actions) are themselves the inevitable common product or outcome of prior anteceded forces over which the individual has very little control over (determinism). We know man as an autonomous being (one whose choices are the result of decisions made, on our part, freely). The person is then responsibl... ...culture when he himself is conditioned by one? D. Logical fallacies: Reductionism. Whatever the theory doesn't account for does not exist. "Whatever my net can't catch ain't fish." Since Skinner cannot "catch" freedom or dignity, mind, morals, reasoned thought, or God, he insists that none of these things exist. E. There is no place for a rebel in Skinner's ideal society. But rebels are what bring about the intellectual and moral growth of a society. F. Ideas from modern physics and parapsychology seem to stand in opposition to Skinner's theories. IV. SUMMARY The teachings of behavioral technology are a useful educational tool but must not become a tool of manipulation. We find fault with Skinner's starting point, i.e., his assumptions about God, man and his environment. Skinner is a good technician, but a poor philosopher. Skinner asks us to replace the myth of freedom and dignity for the myth of scientism (naturalism). V. CONCLUSION Getting back to freedom and dignity involves acceptance of an infinite reference point. Darwin All organisms produce more offspring than that can possibly survive All organisms vary within a species Some of this variation is inherited

The Jewish Religion and Its Impact on Western Culture

The long, rich history of Judaism gives the western world its shape today. The laws, traditions, culture, and values are directly attributable to Judaism. Judaism most prominently began with the founder of the Hebrews known as Abraham, who began to worship a figure called â€Å"Elohim. † Historically, the teachings of Judaism were also subscribed by nomadic tribes, which settled in present day Palestine, near Mt. Sinai. The people of these tribes did not label themselves as Hebrews, and referred to G-d as the G-d of Abraham.The beginning of the story came about as G-d promised Abraham a son, and in the course of the events doubting that his old wife could give him a son, he had Ishmael with his maid, Hagar. Later, G-d's prophecy would be fulfilled with the birth of Isaac, by his wife Sarah. Due to their belief system, the tribe proliferated the idea that Isaac and his descendants were chosen by G-d to carry forward Abraham's holy ancestry. Isaac was the forefather of what was to become the 12 tribes of Israel. These twelve original tribes were later enslaved for several generations in Egypt. In Egypt, the Jews were persecuted and sold into slavery.It was not until Moses, a Hebrew, adopted by the pharaoh, realized his duty to release his people from their oppression. He eventually led the people from Egypt into the desert where they wandered for 40 years. Throughout the history of the world, the Jewish people have been persecuted and oppressed because of their religious beliefs and faith. Many groups of people have made Jews their scapegoat. Jews have suffered from years of intolerance because people have not understood what the religion really means. They do not understand where and why the religion began, nor the customs of its people.For one to understand the great hardships, triumphs, and history of the Jewish people, one must open-mindedly peruse a greater knowledge of the Jewish people and faith, while acknowledging their impact on society today. Al l Western law is based in part on Judaic Torah observance. A quick look at the Ten Commandments (Exodus 20) is a very good summary of most modern law that is followed today, along with the next three chapters in Exodus. Judaism believes in the equality of all people and if these commandments were not made and observed today, the equality of Western law would be replaced by position, power, or money.Another modern historical tradition adopted by from the Jews is how we eat. What is customary in Western society is a reflection of most of the Judaic dietary law. With the exception of the pig, Western society does not eat what is not contained in kosher law. Owls, mice, rats, and snakes are repugnant to most Westerners and it is a direct result of Jewish culture. A third example can be directly traced to Jewish culture in the way women are treated. Women's rights were carefully maintained in this ancient culture, and today's laws giving women equal rights under the law are a byproduct o f Judaism.Unfortunately in today’s world, education is taken for granted, yet Judaism has long maintained education as the highest goal of man in his pursuit of Godliness. After the Babylonian Captivity, it was decreed that all the people should be educated, and this tradition has been passed to Western culture. Other defining characteristics of Western civilization which are influenced by Judaism are the recognition of the importance of each individual. Every person is believed to have worth and to deserve a life of dignity.In Jewish literature, this idea is first expressed in the first chapter of the first book of the Hebrew Bible, which says that people are created in the image of G-d. Because of this, every person is valuable. This idea was not common in the ancient world, where an individual’s social status often determined one’s importance and value. Also, the idea that trials must be fair is closely connected to belief in the rule of law. The Hebrew Bible and Talmud include numerous statements that emphasize the importance of fair trials and a wide variety of provisions to help ensure that trials are fair.Many of these provisions became key legal principles in the Western world. Jewish roots of legal principles have even been referenced by the U. S. Supreme Court. Lastly, giving charity is an important value in Western civilization that was not emphasized in most ancient cultures. In Judaism, on the other hand, supporting the needy is obligatory. Judaism has also played a significant role in the development of Western culture because of its unique relationship with Christianity, the dominant religious force in the West.Although the Christian church drew from other sources as well, its retention of the sacred Scriptures of the synagogue (the Old Testament) as an integral part of its Bible is crucial. Not only was the development of its ideas and doctrines deeply influenced, but it also received an ethical dynamism that constantly ove rcame an inclination to withdraw into world-denying isolation. It was, however, not only Judaism’s heritage but its persistence that touched Western civilization. The continuing existence of the Jews, even as pariah people, is both a challenge and a warning. Their liberation from the shackles of discrimination, segregation, and rejection at the beginning of the modern era was understood by many to be the touchstone of all human liberty. The two central events of 20th-century Jewish history were the Holocaust and the establishment of the State of Israel. The former was the great tragedy of the Jewish people, while the later was the light of a rebirth, which promised political, cultural, and economic independence.The rest of the world has been forced to reconsider and reorient its relationship with Judaism and the Jewish people because of these two events. At the same time, the centers of Jewish life have moved almost exclusively to Israel and North America. Along with these de velopments, theological considerations and practical realities, such as interfaith marriage, have made Jewish religious culture a point of interest for many non-Jews. In the early 21st century, Jewish religious life continued to fragment along ideological lines, but that very fragmentation animated both moral imagination and ritual life.While ultra-Orthodox Judaism grew narrower, and some varieties of Liberal Judaism moved ritual practice even farther away from traditional observance, a vital center emerged, running from Reform Judaism to modern Orthodoxy. This center sought to understand Judaism within a broader context of interaction with other cultures while leaving the essentials of belief and practice unaffected. Predicting the future of Judaism is not an easy or desirable task, but there is reason to hope that the world will continue to draw upon the religious and cultural traditions of Judaism, both past and present.

The Inaugural Speech essays

The Inaugural Speech essays Summary of President John F. Kennedy's Inaugural Address This inaugural speech establishes what John F. Kennedy's vision is for the United Statesactually it is more of a world visionof global unity, supporting freedom and human rights for all humankind. He suggests that we should all celebrate in this time of freedom. Man holds all of the power in his hands. Yet, there are still revolutionary beliefs being fought around the world. He does not want us to forget that we are all apart of this revolution. He states, "The torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans that are unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this nation has always been committed"(Kennedy 1). He wants us to feel proud and support our nation. We should protect it at any cost to keep the people free. Therefore, we pledge our alliance to this nation. He believes the world would be much stronger and could conquer any problem as a whole rather than being divided. We can use our country's strengths to help the other nations to be free. He assures the new states that would be joining in the "ranks of the free"(Kennedy 1), it would not be absolute control. He encourages these states to support their beliefs and their freedom. President John F. Kennedy suggests, "We need to help the people help themselves. For if a free society cannot save the few who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich"(Kennedy 2). We all need to work together as a global unit. Also, let our neighbors know that no other countries are going to take us over. He wants us to believe that "this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house"(Kennedy He proposes a request, "Both sides begin anew the quest for peace before the destruction of all humanity in planned or accidental self destruction ...

In Vitro essays

In Vitro essays When youre standing at the grocery store waiting in line and there is nothing better to do than stare at the magazines on the stand, theres a good chance that you might have wondered where stars like Jennifer Lopez, Britney Spears or Paris Hilton get that beautiful skin tone. If you happen to be a teenage girl, there is a good chance you know where it came from. You guess they either are so rich they can afford to go to Cancun every time they start turning pale or they took a quick trip to the local tanning bed center. The latter is the most correct because tanning beds are becoming very popular not only in the United States but around the world. The concept of tanning beds came to North America from Europe and more specifically from Germany. The rays from a tanning bed are long wave rays, which are known as ultraviolet A. The short waves from the sun are known as ultraviolet B (Corruth). The first units to become popular were the UVB booths and they were very low in UVB, often in the 1 percent or less range. While research had been done on the effects of light before the invention of tanning beds, it was not until 1975 that the first tanning beds appeared in Europe. Friedrich Wolff is known for having introduced the first tanning units at this time, and was soon joined by others (Tanning History). Four years later in 1979 the Germans introduced the first tanning beds in the United States. Since then, the United States market has developed new lamps. The majority of lamps used in the U.S. today are now in the 5.0 to 9.5 % UVB range (Tanning History). Once tanning beds became popular in 1980 the craze has only in creased. By late 1980's the medical officials were trying to warn people of the dangers to their skin. After that, tanning lost some of its popularity until 1990. Since then, tanning bed bulbs have become brighter with faster re ...

Weapons of Mass Destruction Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Weapons of Mass Destruction - Research Paper Example encompasses activities, agencies, authorities and resources required to respond once it is recognized that Anthrax has been released as a result of terrorist activities. A. Immediate contact and consultation with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Relevant samples of identified Bacillus anthracis will be isolated and prepared for evaluation to determine strain and potential lethality in coordination with CDC officials. E. Cleaning and disinfection of medical equipment will be considered and coordinated using the Principles of Standard Precautions guidelines. Immediate procurement of germicidal agents should be coordinated with relevant supply chain vendors and through consultation with local and state government actors. F. Pathology departments and laboratories providing clinical services must be informed of the relevant infectious dangers of post-mortem services, inclusive of procurement of eye protection instruments and masks. B. Coordination with the Food and Drug Administration to receive approvals to procure Anthrax vaccinations under the Emergency Use Authorization legislation for victims 18 and older. For children, approvals generated by the FDA under the Investigational New Drug protocol. A. Local law enforcement officers will maintain responsibility for coordinating isolation procedures, establishing barricades which prevent access into and outside of Anchorage during the disaster period. B. State authorities will declare a state of emergency, temporarily halting operations of the city public transit services, the Alaska railroad, and the Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport. Coordination with the Department of Homeland Security will ensure that air traffic is properly re-routed and all waterway transport re-directed to other non-affected ports of call. A. Assign relevant health personnel to provide routine medical exams for injured responders or those illustrating symptoms of Anthrax exposure, consisting of

Texas state laws on sex offenders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Texas state laws on sex offenders - Essay Example In addition, they need regularly to visit the registering authority to update the information on matters such as address change. Should one fail to register as a sex offender, they are liable for felony prosecution that could result in their being taken back to prison or having their parole revoked. The public can access these records through a variety of ways availed by the state of Texas, primary to this is a statewide database that maintains updated information on all registered sex offenders accessible to anyone freely at any time. Members of the public can access the information herein through the website https://records.txdps.state.tx.us/soSearch/default.cfm . In addition, native law administration agencies in the Texas are by law mandated to have a sex offender registry with information on all the registered sex offenders in the area. Based on the nature of the crime, the laws in Texas allow authorities to publish some of the sex offender registration information on local newspapers (Schiavone and Elizabeth 681). Finally, should an individual categorized as a high-risk sexual offender move into an area, the authorities will be expected to notify the community by mailing everyone in it a postcard with the description of the individual and nature of the crime. In 2011, the national, Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (SORNA) was passed and states were required to expand their categories of sex offenders who are to include juveniles and adult offenders that committed certain crimes before the laws was passed (United States Congress). This law sets the minimum requirement that characterizes the offences and the way offenders should be classified and determines how long they should remain registered. States that refused to meet the requirements for the SORNA act would lose 10% of their Byne Law enforcement

Houstons Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Houstons Education - Essay Example This paper illustrates that educating prospects have an important role in Houston’s value of life. Houston is one of the cities in the United States and people identify it for its renowned school districts in addition to prominent universities and colleges. The innumerable educational opportunities in the city amaze those desiring to pursue higher education in addition to the novices with families. Independent schools in Houston area function with the primary basis that each child should and can learn. Houston community and educators work towards creating an educational environment of high quality to satisfy the requirements of a gradually more varied student populace. This makes Houston lead in education comparing to other cities in America. When people consider locations with high paying jobs big metro places such as San Francisco, Los Angeles, New York, and Houston are typically the places that come to mind or cities having the highest population of educated workers for ins tance Boston. Individuals fail to consider Houston as a prosperous and upcoming city when they think of cities. However, being a sprawling city, education choices are abundant. In the Greater Houston region, there are sixty-seven school districts every district with several government schools in addition to not less than 180 private and parochial schools. Expat guardians will require cautiously assessing their priorities and then deciding which institution can satisfy their preferences best. This is why Houston is a leading city in America in Education. Houston contains not less than 40 institutions, universities, and colleges providing higher education alternatives to fit all interests. The city certainly is the top job creator, which is the residence of the flourishing energy industry in the United States and is more varied compared to other cities such as New York. Rice University and The University of Houston implies that there exist smart people in America. The Houston Universi ty contains 41000 students and in 2011, the Carnegie University elevated it to Tier 1 rank. Rice University positioned 17th nationally with mainly strong courses in applied sciences is among the best undergraduate schools in the country.

How War Is Necessary Essay Example for Free

How War Is Necessary Essay Mr.Weirzbowski-English 10 War has been with mankind for many millenniums. The reasons for wars in mankind’s history have all been various, however one big reason for war is that countries want to grow bigger, by taking over one another. Throughout history, rulers would not be satisfied with the amount of land that they had or wanted to spread their beliefs around the world. So, they did it by trying to take over others. However, some didn’t want to give up their land or change, so they fought. Fighting these wars are, however, necessary no matter what people believe. This is because fighting them and winning will stop them from controlling others. Some wars that stopped countries from controlling others are the second world war, the war in Vietnam, and the Revolutionary war. However, there are claims that the Vietnam war could’ve been avoided, but there would’ve been consequences for going to war. War is necessary because it’s a way to try to stop countries from dominating over others and controlling them. There are many ways that war has stopped countries from controlling one another. Firstly, the Vietnamese war was necessary because, the war would’ve stopped the spreading of communism to neighboring asian countries, also known as the â€Å"domino theory†. The idea of communism started with the election of Ho Chi Minh in North Vietnam. Kennedy wasn’t concerned with Vietnam until Lyndon B Johnson called Ngo Dinh Diem the â€Å"Wi nston Churchill of Asia† because, Diem was the only one trying to resist the communists and Johnson promised to help him. Noam Chomsky, a US philosopher, stated that if a country better its economy due to communism, neighboring countries would try to improve their economy using communism, as seen when China influenced North Vietnam. Had communism been successfully spread to South Vietnam, then Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, etc. Also, other countries would’ve lost faith in the US for not protecting S.Vietnam in their time of need. This shows that the US needed to fight this war to stop the communistic ideals from spreading to countries and to keep the confidence of other countries around the world, so that they could help the US when the US needs them. The second world war as necessary  because, it showed how the world responds to a fascist ruler controlling a major country, trying to claim the world. It also showed how the US would react when attacked by another major country. Hitler want to create a â€Å"master race†, which was blonde-haired, blue-eyed people. So when he came into power, he had convinced the german people that jewish people were less than humans and should be treated as such. Thus he started taking over various countries in Europe and started killing jewish people to start his plan. While that was happening, the US was maintaining neutrality and supplying Britain, Russia, and China with weapons until the japanese attacked pearl harbor on December 1941. The US then declared war on Japan and fought in the Pacific theater until August 15th, 1945. Had the axis powers won World War II, North America and South America would be surrounded by dictators ready to destroy democracy and take over the world. Also, H itler’s plan would’ve probably been completed and the world would’ve been comprised of blonde, blue-eyed people. However, the war told us that when we are concerned with individualism, we become selfish and corrupted or under the influence of corrupted selfish nations. This war was needed because, when one tries to dominate and take over another country, we become blinded and end falling. We need teamwork to stay strong in the world. Finally, the Revolutionary War was necessary because, it allowed rights normally granted by the king, to be for every single individual. It also sparked other revolutions, along with stopping Britian from controlling the colonies. When the French Indian War concluded, King George III made the Proclamation of 1763, which stated that no colonists may settle west of the Appalachian and anyone other than Indians there had to move from the area. The Boston Massacre also brought them closer to the revolution, because British soldiers killed 5 civilians for calling them names. The Stamp Act of 1765, Townshend Act of 1767, and the Tea Act of 1773, were all attempt of Britian to try and control the colonies in North America. However after the war, the Declaration of Independence was signed and Britian let the colonies rule themselves. With this newfound freedom, the colonists were allowed to trade with anyone they wanted, colonize past the Appalachian Mountains, set up a new government and th e British moved out of the colonies. Had the colonists lost the war, the US would probably still be under British rule to this day. Even with all this evidence that war is necessary, people still see war as a terrible thing. Going back to the Vietnam War, the Vietnamese War could’ve been avoided because the US could’ve stayed neutral and let the problem in Vietnam blow over, instead of sacrificing 50,000 men. The war would’ve been avoided and Vietnam would’ve became a communist country along with possibly, part of Asia. Robert McNamara, defense chief under John F Kennedy and Lyndon B Johnson, says that he doubted Vietnam would let China or Russia use them as a base, but that’s the US had feared at the time. The US had feared that China or Russia would use them as a base they could use to control more parts of Asia. The Vietnamese could’ve probably fought the war themselves and probably resisted the communistic ways of China and/or Russia. The belief about if war is needed in the world or not cuts both ways. Either that it helps bring everlasting peace in the world closer or it’s useless and all it does is kill off innocent people. War is a big thing that stops countries from trying to gain total global domination or keeping them at bay until they give up. Until that happens, there will be allies who will attack at a moments notice when a country is trying to bite off more than it can chew.There are so many more examples of how war is necessary in the world that this would be a lot longer than it is already. The concept of war may seem bad, but in the end, it’s all worth it.

The Dilemma of Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide Essays -- Euthanasia Ph

The Dilemma of Euthanasia      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jack Kevorkian, serving a 10-to-25-year prison sentence for second-degree murder for giving a lethal injection to Thomas Youk, was honored as a humanitarian on April 10. Kevorkian received the Gleitsman Foundation's Citizen Activist Award in ceremonies at Harvard University. Foundation president Alan Gleitsman calls him "a selfless believer in death with dignity" who "sacrificed his medical license and now his own freedom toward that cause." With Kevorkian unable to attend, the award was accepted for him by one of those who nominated him -- his victim's wife, Melody Youk. Kevorkian will share the $100,000 award with Alabama attorney Bryan Stevenson, a crusader against the death penalty. Kevorkian has long favored allowing execution by lethal experiments or removal of a prisoner's vital organs.    What is happening here? At Harvard University a famous euthanasia-doctor receives a gift of $100,000. What's wrong with this picture?    Numerous US studies have established that the Americans most directly affected by the issue of physician-assisted suicide -- those who are frail, elderly and suffering from terminal illness -- are also more opposed to legalizing the practice than others are:    * A poll conducted for the Washington Post on March 22-26, 1996, found 50% support for legalizing physician-assisted suicide (Washington A18) Voters aged 35-44 supported legalization, 57% to 33%. But these figures reversed for voters aged 65 and older, who opposed legalization 54% to 38%. Majority opposition was also found among those with incomes under $15,000 (54%), and black Americans (70%).    * An August 1993 Roper poll funded by the Hemlock Society and other euthanasia sup... ...d suicide: attitudes and experiences of oncology patients, oncologists, and the public." 347 The Lancet 1805 (June 29, 1996):1809    Humphry, Derek. "What's in a word?" Euthanasia Research & Guidance Organization 1993, Table 1-A.    Koenig, Dr. Harold et al.. "Attitudes of Elderly Patients and their Families Toward Physician-Assisted Suicide." 156 Archives of Internal Medicine 2240 (Oct. 28, 1996)    Lee v. Oregon, 891 F.Supp. 1429 (D. Or. 1995), vacated on other grounds, 107 F.3d 1382 (9th Cir. 1997), cert. denied, 118 S. Ct. 328 (1997).    "Poll Shows More Would Support Law Using Gentler Language," TimeLines (Jan.-Feb. 1994):9    Washington v. Glucksberg, 117 S. Ct. 2258, 2262 n. 7 (1997. -- -- --. 117 S. Ct. at 2272, quoting United States v. Rutherford, 442 U.S. 544, 558. 1979. Washington Post, April 4, 1996.

Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) Definition Essay

E-mail All messages composed, sent, received, or stored on the e-mail system are and remain the property of the company. They are not the private property of the employee. Personal e-mail accounts are not to be used on the company’s computer system. The e-mail system is not to be used to send offensive, sexually suggestive, obscene, lewd, demeaning, or disruptive messages. This includes, but is not limited to, messages that are inconsistent with the company’s policies on equal employment opportunity, anti-discrimination, and anti-harassment (including sexual harassment). Moreover, the e-mail system is not to be used to solicit or proselytize for commercial ventures, religious or political causes, or other non job-related solicitations. The Company reserves and intends to exercise the right to review, audit, intercept, access, disclose, and use all messages created, received, or sent over its e-mail system for any purpose. The contents of e-mail may be disclosed and used by the company to protect its rights and/or property without the permission of the employee, in the company’s discretion. The confidentiality of any message should not be assumed. Even when a message is erased, it is still possible to retrieve and read that message. Further, passwords for security do not guarantee confidentiality. All passwords must be disclosed to the company or they are invalid and cannot be used. Employees not involved in maintenance or operation of the company’s e-mail system are not authorized to retrieve or read any e-mail not sent to them. Any exception to this policy requires the approval by senior management of the company. Internet The company’s computer network, including its connection to the Internet, is to be used for business-related purposes. Any unauthorized use of the Internet is strictly prohibited. Unauthorized use includes, but is not limited to, connecting, posting, or downloading pornographic material; engaging in computer â€Å"hacking† and other related activities; attempting to disable or compromise the security of information contained on the company’s computers; or otherwise using the company’s computers in a manner which interferes with their business purpose. Employees should not send highly confidential information through the Internet without encryption. Anything  sent through the Internet passes through a number of different computer systems, all with different levels of security. The confidentiality of messages may be compromised at any point along the way. Because postings placed on the Internet may display the company’s address, make certain before posting information on the Internet that the information reflects the standards and policies of the company. Under no circumstances should information of a confidential, sensitive, or otherwise proprietary nature be placed on the Internet. Information posted or viewed on the Internet may constitute published material. Therefore, reproduction of information posted or otherwise available over the Internet may be done only by express permission of the author. Offensive, sexually suggestive, obscene, lewd, demeaning, or disruptive messages are prohibited. This includes, but is not limited to, messages that are inconsistent with the company’s policies on equal employment opportunity, anti-discrimination, and anti-harassment (including sexual harassment). Use of the company’s e-mail/Internet system from a personal or company-owned computer through company-owned connections are subject to the same policies that apply to use from within company facilities. computers Due to the sensitive nature of computers and the software contained therein, all employees provided with computers may not download, install, alter, or delete any software, programs, and information (i.e., e-mails, spread sheets, databases, Microsoft Word, or other word processing documents) contained on company computers without the express authorization of the company. The company reserves the right to inspect or review its computers and the information contained therein at any time without notice or consent. Any employee who violates the company’s e-mail/Internet/computer usage policy shall be subject to discipline, up to and including employment termination. Reference â€Å"Internet Acceptable Usage Policy Guidelines .† OSA. http://www.osa.state.ms.us/downloads/iupg.pdf (accessed April 17, 2014). â€Å"Table of Contents.† 9781449692438.

Donne and Thomas: In the Face of Death Essay

John Donne and Dylan Thomas belong not only to two different ages but also to two different schools of poetry. The school of John Donne, more popularly known as the metaphysical poets, had their unique aesthetics and stressed on thought, rational, unconventional and even shocking arguments, reflection provoking imagery to grab the attention of the reader as opposed to the more romantic trend and stock imagery found in Elizabethan poetry. In the sonnet, â€Å"Death Be Not Proud†, the poet uses all the strategies typical of Metaphysical poetry to present his unique vision about death. Dylan Thomas on the other hand is a true poet of the heart, and his presentation too is distinctive. In the poem, â€Å"Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night†, written to voice his deepest feelings confronted with his father’s mortality and weakness in face of death, each and every word of the poet burns with a passion, in the original religious connotation of the word. Donne refuses to grant Death the status of the â€Å"Mighty and dreadfull†, the standard Elizabethan epithets. The poet then proceeds, by means of arguments that invert the general Elizabethan idea of death, to take a highly optimistic stance. For instance, that ‘Sleep’ and ‘Rest’ are considered to be ‘Death’s second self’ (Harrison, Shakespeare, Sonnet 73) leads Donne to conclude that Death, too must be a source of great pleasure, just as sleep is: From rest and sleepe, which but thy pictures bee, Much pleasure, then from thee, much more must flow, The belief, that the best of men fall victim to the ravage of Death, is used by the poet to argue that, then, in a moral universe, Death can never be something horrible. The poet further undercuts Death’s formidable stature by associating it with war, sickness and poison and brings to test its power by calling it a â€Å"slave to Fate, Chance, kings, and desperate men†. Armed wits such arguments and armored with the poet’s unflinching faith in eternal life after Death, the poet goes on to state the ultimate antithesis in the final couplet of the sonnet: One short sleepe past, wee wake eternally, And death shall be no more; death, thou shalt die. Dylan Thomas, on the other hand, implicitly accepts the power that Death wields over human existence. The periphrasis or the metaphors that the poet uses in his poem to talk about death provide evidence to that: in the entire poem, about Death, the word Death is used only once; Death is referred to either as the ‘good night’ or ‘the dying of the light’. Like Donne however, Dylan Thomas too is against a passive acceptance of death, against trembling in fear confronted with the formidable shadow of death. But being a modernist, incapable of sharing the older poets optimism or faith in eternal life after death, incapable of refuting the truth of Death, his poem sounds like an existential cry against the horror of it all. Dylan Thomas thus, like the protagonists of Albert Camus’ The Plague, tries to find a value and meaning of life in the human rebellion against Death. The oft repeated refrain sums up the feelings of this poet, face to face with death, incapable of all meaningful action but rage: Do not go gentle into that good night. Rage, rage against the dying of the light. However, both Dylan Thomas and John Donne, poets belonging to different eras and schools are one in their rebellion against a passive acceptance of the horror that is Death. Although, Donne’s argument stems from a faith that might not be shared universally; although Thomas’s ‘Rage’ against Death is undercut again and again with irony and sarcasm originating from a recognition of the meaninglessness of it all in face of this all-consuming truth; nevertheless their refusal to bow in front of the might of Death are homage to the indestructible human spirit. Works Cited Camus, Albert. The Plague. New York: Vintage, 1991 Harrison,G. B. ed. Shakespeare, The Complete Works. New York, Chicago, San Francisco, Atlanta: Harcount, Brace and World, Inc, 1968.

Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership

Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership The success or breakdown of collaborative governance mainly depends on leadership. Collaborative leaders usually play an encouraging and facilitative role in the organization that enables the stakeholders to effectively work together as a group.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts: Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Collaborative leaders have a distinctive quality which is to facilitate not to direct. They must formulate a condition that hold up the stakeholders contributions towards collaborative process and create effective transactions between them. There are three types of facilitative leadership and they include: steward leadership, mediator leadership and catalyst leadership. A steward leader normally facilitates the process of collaboration by protecting the veracity of collaborative process. On the other hand, a leader who assist s in nurturing and arbitrating relationships involving stakeholders is known as mediator. Lastly, a catalyst leader helps the stakeholders to recognize and identify their value-creating prospects. Facilitative leadership requires leaders to take part in these three roles. They should however ensure that their relative eminence of these three roles greatly depend on collaborative goals, antecedent condition and system context. There are also two special facilitative leadership styles and they include: organic leadership who has the potential to draw social capital in an extensive was since they belong to stakeholder community and there is professional facilitator who belongs to outside community but is autonomous of stakeholders (Ansell Gash 2008, p. 552) These two leadership styles have special weaknesses and strengths. They can both act as honest brokers, however professional facilitator usually find it easier to establish neutrality but have harder time persuading and motivating stakeholders to formulate effective contributions.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Organic leaders have the potential to mobilize and cajole but usually do not have the power to convince their stakeholders. Professional facilitators however do have the power to convince their stakeholders and maintain their integrity. Despite the fact that organic leaders can convene collaborative forums, they are usually the major object of distrust when collaboration unfolds. This is the time when professional facilitators will facilitate meditation process effectively. Collaborative Governance Leaders are important since they efficiently collaborate towards creative problem-solving, service delivery and consensus. They however need to perform within the limits enforced by voluntary action and shared power (Vangen Huxham 2003, p. 22). Powerful catalytic leadership is al ways required from organic leaders who aim at collaborative governance for creative problem-solving. Perspectives on Organizational Change: Systems and Complexity Theories The ability for change management and survival in organization is increasingly becoming paramount in an environment where there is high competition and market globalization exists. Organizations are therefore forced to acquire competitive advantage by having the potential survive and manage change. The process of organizational change can be successful if examined through complexity and systems theories which have the potential to equip leaders in various organizations with understanding and knowledge on how they can adapt and respond to demands and uncertainties of change in the global market (Amagoh 2008). Complexity and systems theories are useful in different areas in an organization and they include: in organizational design, corporate strategy, organizational intelligence and in knowledge management (Amagoh 2008, p. 542).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts: Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Changes in any organizations are usually interconnected to various complex effects and causes. Complexity and systems theories can offer the managers with avenues of how they can address complex dilemmas in the organization and how they can learn to appreciate them too (McElroy 2000, p. 201). Many attempts have been made to apply Organizational change theories since 20th century. The initial effort that was made involved system theory models which were majorly concerned with constancy and equilibrium and how they could be upheld through negative response control. The business is being scrutinized as corporate environment through the systems theory. Stakeholder’s relations are what comprise of organization environment. However, organizational en vironment is increasing in complexity such that the system concepts are no longer sufficient to handle the complex phenomena (Amagoh 2008). This is the reason why complexity theory emerged which was meant to handle complex issues such as non-equilibrium, instability, entropy and surfacing of new structures and patterns in the organization (Amagoh 2008). Based on complexity theories views, systems are evolving; they can organize themselves to formulate a new thing.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The most common trends in contemporary organizations are usually towards pervasive and continuous change and interdependence increase. They do also close parallels between public and private sectors where similar environmental tests are experienced. Public and private organizations are therefore forced to face tumultuous environments which are characterized by many uncertainties caused by dramatic changes brought by economical, technological and political factors. A more complete and vibrant change management analysis has been formulated to help in comprehending management process better. This is why, complexity and system theories were integrated to help understand the fluid process disruptiveness of organizational change (Amagoh 2008). Client Empowerment and Quality Assurance In United Kingdom, quality of work offered by social care services is usually measured in terms of Best Value reports or Quality Indicators. It is however generally concerned about regular performance measure ment. User satisfaction survey is usually required. However this methodology does not normally give the user the chance to respond in holistic manner concerning the services offered. This means that the clients are not empowered when it comes to measuring quality creating a big dilemma on the issue. Anything that is not measured in relation to quality enhancement, client empowerment and quality assurance is normally defined as an outcome, a process or an intervention (Dowling 2008, p. 215). After conducting a study on career and user experience in United Kingdom and Eastern Europe, it was found that client empowerment process is crucial to the future quality enhancement and quality direction of policies in the country. Over 500 individuals gave out their experience of how they are being treated in public. The old, young, children, parents and disabled people were involved in the study. It was found that the welfare users were least empowered in the group in all the countries studied . When it came to gender, class, age, disability, ethnicity, material resource and education, they found that these people were excluded by the society but professionals involved with them together with the staff members are under paid and their status is also too low. The quality of service offered by social services is considered based on how quality is measured, how social service users and careers can contribute to quality service, how the quality of service offered can be improved such that innovative, ongoing and participative quality measurements are developed in social care organizations through career and user partnerships with the staff and managers of social care. There will be different meaning for user and career groups if client empowerment is different and the quality of services offered is different in developed nations. There can be an improvement in quality measurement if the user and the career organizations are in a position to provide evidence on their own thoug hts and perspectives alongside managers, work partners and social care workers. If user and career involvement and evidence are valued and lastly if they resource welfare services in such a way that partnership working can be offered and quality can be measured (Pfeffer Coote 1991, p. 120). Mini-Literature Review This mini-literature review is to find out the difference that exists between the three articles, to find out the questions which the three articles are trying to answer and how they answer the research questions. Lastly, possible research questions concerning the topics of the three articles are formulated which are to be studied. The difference between the three articles discussed above concerns the topics discussed. The first article talks about how the success or breakdown of collaborative governance mainly depends on leadership and facilitated by three facilitative leadership styles known as: steward leadership, mediator leadership and catalyst leadership. The second article talks about how the process of organizational change can be successful if examined through complexity and systems theories. Lastly, the third article talks about client empowerment and quality assurance. The question that the first article (Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts: Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership) is trying to answer is why leadership is an important variable when explaining failure or success of collaborative governance. This is because the success or breakdown of collaborative governance mainly depends on leadership. Collaborative leaders usually play an encouraging and facilitative role in the organization that enables the stakeholders to effectively work together as a group. Collaborative leaders’ role is to facilitate not to direct and contributes towards collaborative process and create effective transactions between stakeholders. On the other hand, the second article (Perspectives on Organizational Change: Systems and Complexity Theories) is trying to answer how organizational change theories of complexity and systems can be used to describe complex, unpredictable, chaotic and dynamic organizational transformation processes. Complexity and systems theories have the potential to endow leaders in various institutions with indulgent and facts on how they can acclimatize and react to stipulations and qualms of change in the global market. The third and the last article (Client Empowerment and Quality Assurance) mainly answers how the quality of social care can be considered based on how quality is measured, how social service careers and users take part in quality service and lastly how to improve service quality to develop quality measurement of social care organizations to increase on innovation. There can be an improvement in quality measurement if the user and the career organizations are in a position to provide evidence on their own thoughts and perspectives alongside managers, work partners and social care workers . If user and career involvement and evidence are valued and lastly if they resource welfare services in such a way that partnership working can be offered and quality can be measured. Lastly, possible research questions concerning the topics of the three articles are: whether client empowerment and quality assurance exists in the world if they are not allowed to give out their thoughts? Why are people still being judged based on their ethnicity, age, class and gender? Secondly, with the coming of new technologies that are being developed every single day, change is paramount and it is something that cannot be avoided; will new organizational theories be developed to manage the complexities that will come with new technologies? Lastly, is collaborative governance success or failure only depends on leadership only? Are there any other factors that affect its performance? List of References Amagoh, F 2008, ‘Perspectives on Organizational Change: Systems and Complexity Theoriesâ €™, The Public Sector Innovation Journal, Vol. 13 no. 3, pp. 530-551. Ansell, C Gash, A 2008, ‘Collaborative Governance in Theory and Practice’, Journal of Public Administration Theory and Practice, vol. 18 no. 4, pp. 543-71. Dowling, M 2008, ‘Client Empowerment and Quality Assurance’, The Public Sector Innovation Journal, vol. 13 no.1, pp. 210-220. McElroy, M 2000, ‘Integrating complexity theory, knowledge management and Organization learning’, Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 4 no. 3, pp. 195-208. Pfeffer, N Coote, A 1991, Is Quality Good for You? New York: Institute for Public Policy Research. Vangen, S, Huxham, C 2003, ‘ Nurturing Collaborative Relations: Building Trust in Interorganizational Communication’, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, vol. 39 no. 1, pp. 5-31.